Geography and Regional Planning

Geography and Regional Planning

Neo-regionalism and crony capitalism in the political geography of West Asia

Document Type : Basic scientific-research articles

Authors
Nesa Zahedi 1
seyed Ebrahim sarparast sadat 2
1 Assistant Professor of Political Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Departmenet of Political Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/jgeoq.2024.465254.4114
Abstract
The political geography of the Middle East in terms of economic and political structure is such that it removes the concept of the region from the literature of this geographical area. In the literature of new regionalism, the nature of economic and political performance and its governing consequences are very important in accepting or not accepting a group of countries as a co-region. Most of the countries of West Asia are non-competitive in terms of their political economy and have a friendly and greenhouse nature, which is called diaspora or hand-picked capitalism. Such a model of political economy has the consequences of not recognizing the region of existence for this geographical region. In this regard, the article seeks to answer the main question that according to recent developments in the literature of neo-regionalism, what effect does the nature of the political economy of the Middle East have on challenging the co-regionality of the countries of the Middle East? The hypothesis of the article, using the methods of analysis and explanation, is to believe that under the new literature of neo-regionalism, the political economy of the Middle East in the form of crony capitalism from the late 1970s until now, under the title of liberalization in practice with indicators such as regulatory capture, privatization for the benefit International financial institutions have tax amnesties and access to easy loans for politically connected companies, import and export licenses, procurement contracts and the benefit of monopolies for the benefit of the ruling minority,
Keywords
Political geography
neo-regionalism
crony capitalism
regionalism
دیوان، اسحاق. ( 1401). سرمایه داری رفاقتی در خاورمیانه، کسب و کار و سیاست، از آزاد سازی تا بهار عربی، ترجمه محمدرضا فرهادی پور، تهران: نشر شیرازه.
کارل، تری لین. ( 1402). معمای فراوانی، رونق های نفتی و دولت های نفتی، ترجمه جعفر خیرخواهان، تهران: تشر نی.
Akrasanee, N. (2013). Economic Regionalism:Which Way NowPresented To The International Confrence On Southest Asia,Asian Studies , Sinapore.
Ayubi, N. (2000). over-stating the arab state, London:Tauris.
Braga,C. (2018). The New RegionalismAnd Its Consequences(Washengton Dc:The World Bank).
Cox, R.W. With T.J. Sinclair. (2018). Approaches To World Order (Cambridge University Press).
Davies, R. (2017). Integration Or Co Operation In A Post – Apartheid South Africa, University Of The Vestern Cape.
Elier tarouty, S. (2015). businessmen, clientelism, and authoritarianism in Egypt.new York:palgrave macmillan.
Haber, S. (2002). crony capitalism and economic growth,theory and evidence.stan:hoover institution press.
Haber,s.,Armando,r.,and maurer,n. (2013). the political of property rights, camridge university press.
Haddad, B. S. (2021). business networks;thepolitical economy of authoritarian resisience, standford university press.
Hall, P. A. (2021). varieties of capitalism,the institutional foundations of comparative advantage.oxford university press.
Hamilton, K. A(ed). (2017). Migration And The New Europe, Journal Of Peace Research,28.
Henry, C & springborg. (2020). Globalization and the politics of development in the middle east, Cambridge university press.
Hertoge, S. (2018). business politics in the middle east.london:hurst.
Hettne,B. (2010). The New Regionalism: Implication For Development And Peace (Helsinki).
Keely, C. (2020). Economic Integration And international migration Presented to the Conference On The Social And Economic Aspects Of international migration , Academia Sinica, Tipei (Jun).
Khan,m. (2020). rent seeking and economic development; theory and evidence ,Cambridge press.
Krueger, A. (2022). why crony capitalism is bad for economic growth , crony capitalism and development, standford university press.
Leenders, R. (2022). Spoils of truce,cornell university press.
North, D. (2000)institutios, institutional change and economic performance, Cambridge university press.
Palmer,N.D(2020) The new Regionalism In Asia And The pacific(Lexington press).
Przeworski,a(2022)capitalism and social democracy, Cambridge university press.
Robertson,R(2020) Globalization. Social Theory And Global culture (London; Sage).