Geography and Regional Planning

Geography and Regional Planning

Examining the descent in the Qur'an from the point of view of Mulla Sadra and Allameh Tabatabai

Authors
1 Assistant Professor Payam Noor University, Department of Education, Tehran, Iran
2 , Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
4 PhD student of Education Department, Payam Noor University, Education Department, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/jgeoq.2024.244656.2679
Abstract
Falling down in the Quran is one of the serious issues, and even though it is in other divine religions, but each of them has interpretations on it that are worthy of reflection. What is dominant in all religions, including Islamic interpretations, is that this decline is a form of degradation and humiliation of man, and this was due to a wrong action that Adam did and was influenced by Satan and disobeyed, or in a milder term, it was desertion of the first. He did it and if he didn't do that, maybe the fate of man would have been different or he would have stayed forever in heaven. It seeks to answer the question, what is the opinion of Mulla Sadra and Allameh Tabatabai about descent in the Qur'an? The principles of descent are stated in several verses of the Holy Quran, and the expulsion of Adam from heaven and his settlement on earth are interpreted as descent. Also, among the commentators, the issue of declining status has been raised, and among the philosophers, each of them has expressed ideas and possibilities in this field. The findings of the research indicate that Mulla Sadra considers Adam's sin to be the fourth position of the arc of human descent before the beginning of life on earth. In his opinion, Adam's disobedience was not an external event and the Qur'an's statement regarding the nature of man is one of the characteristics of human nature It is noted. However, several verses of the Qur'an, referring to Adam and Eve being deceived by Satan and revealing their private parts after disobedience, have called this interpretation into question and have explicitly mentioned this as an external event, to the point where they say that these two tried to Let the heavenly trees cover their ugliness. The importance of this issue is because so far no one has criticized Mulla Sadra's interpretation of Adam's paradise and his disobedience from the perspective of religion. Allameh Tabatabai interprets the flow of descent as an anthropological structure. They believe that these few verses about the creation of Adam in Surah Baqarah, Araaf and Taha have an anthropological structure. He believes that the extract of what is seen in all the holy books is contained in these verses.
Keywords

بطلانی، راحله(138)؛ خوانشی دینی فلسفی از هبوط نفس انسانی در نگاه صدرالمتألهین؛ حکمت صدرایی سال هفتم ، شماره 2 (پیاپی 14) ، 1398.
پرچم، اعظم؛ زهرا‌، محققیان‌(1395)؛تحلیل نشانه‌های ارتباط غیرکلامی در‌ آیات‌ قرآن‌ کریم؛ اصفهان: فصلنامه تخصصی در حوزه معارف قرآن و عترت، شماره5، 1395.
راغب اصفهانی، حسین بن محمد(1413)؛ مفردات الفاظ القرآن؛ بیروت:دار القلم، چاپ اول، ۱۴۱۲ه.ق.
صدرالدین شیرازی، محمّد بن ابراهیم(1360)؛ اسرار الآیات؛ تصحیح محمّد خواجوی. تهران: انجمن حکمت و فلسفة ایران.1360.
-------------------------(1415)؛ تفسیر‌ القرآن‌ الکریم‌؛ قم: انتشارات پیدا، 1415ه.ق.
طالبی مقدم، مسعود(1400)؛ پژوهشی در سیر آفرینش آدم(ع) تا هبوط وی در اندیشه علامه طباطبائی با تأکید بر مبانی تمثیلی؛ پ‍‍‍ژوهش‌نامه فرهنگ و معارف دینی، دوره 2، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 3، 1400.
طباطبایی، سید محمد حسین(1419)؛ رسائل توحیدیه؛بیروت: موسسه النعمان، رسالة الوسائط، چاپ اول، ١٤١٩ه.ق.
-------------------(1417)؛ المیزان فی تفسیر القرآن؛ قم‌: جامعه‌ مدرسین‌، 1417ه.ق.
طبرسی، فضل بن حسن(1372)؛ مجمع البیان فی تفسیر القرآن؛ مقدمه: بلاغی، محمد جواد، تهران: ناصر خسرو، چاپ سوم، ۱۳۷۲.
محمدی، عبدالله(1402)؛ تحلیل علامه طباطبایی از هبوط حضرت آدم(ع) و نقش آن در مبانی انسان شناختی علوم انسانی؛ دو فصلنامه فلسفه و علوم انسانی، دوره 1، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1، 1402.
محمدی، ناصر(1388)؛تأمّلی در مبانی فهم قرآن کریم؛ «متن یا موضوع فهم» از دیدگاه صدرالمتألهین شیرازی؛ فصلنامة علوم اسلامی، سال اوّل، شمارة 1، 1388.
مکارم شیرازی، ناصر(1374)؛تفسیر نمونه؛ تهران: دار الکتب الإسلامیة، چاپ اول، ۱۳۷۴.
نصیری، علی(1386)؛ مکتب تفسیری صدرالمتألهین؛ تهران: بنیاد حکمت اسلامی صدرا، 1386.
طباطبایی، سیدمحمدحسین(1420)، تفسیر البیان فی الموافقة بین الحدیث و القرآن، تصحیح علی اصغر ارادتی، بیروت: دارالتعارف للمطبوعات.1420ه.ق.