Geography and Regional Planning

Geography and Regional Planning

Study of Correlation and Path Analysis of Morphologic and Physiologic Characteristics of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cultivars under Different Defoliation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Rahim Alimohammadi 1
Ibrahim Azizovb 2
1 Department of Agrotechnology, Mi. C., Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran
2 Department of Biology, National Academy of Science, Baku, Azerbaijan ibrahim.azizov47@gmail.com
10.22034/jgeoq.2026.574317.4416
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of different treatments of leaf removal on different characteristics such as yield and yield components in two early maturing cultivars of sunflower, Megasun and Hayson36. An experiment was conducted in the educational-researching farm of Miyaneh branch, Islamic Azad University, in the 2015 and 2016 growing season. The experiment design was factorial based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Additionally, shrub morphologic and physiologic characteristics, shrub dry weight, chlorophyll contents, leaf area index (LAI), harvesting index(HI) and oil yielding were studied. Results demonstrated that among different treatments of leaf removal, yield components and studied traits existed significant different. Also, between cultivated cultivars, statistically observed no significant different among studied traits other than head diameter, chlorophyll contents, LAI, HI, the weight of 1000 grain, seedlessness percentage, seed and oil yielding. In this experiment, interaction effect between different treatments of leaf removal and cultivars with studied traits other than head diameter, chlorophyll contents, HI, seed number in head and, the weight of 1000 grain were not significant. The correlation coefficients traits reduce grain yield and oil treatments to remove the whole leaves in the middle one-third reduction stems from two factors seedlessness percentage and weight of 1000 grain. That appears to reduce the performance of treatment discontinuation in the middle one-third more affected weight in 1000 grain is located. Correlation of traits also showed a positive and significant relationship between the traits of seed number in head, head diameter and weight of 1000 grain. In conclusion, this study revealed that damage to leaves at the flowering stage of sunflower, in particular leaves from the top or the middle of the plant from biotic and abiotic factors decreased seed and oil yield.
Keywords
Correlation and Path analysis
Leaf removal
Sunflower
Characters
Seed and oil yield
Seiosemarde, A., Ranjbar, H., Sohrabi, Y., Bahramnejad, B. 2011. Effect of drought stress and source and reservoir restrictions on gas exchanges and sunflower performance. J IR Crop Sci. 42: 3. 585-596.
Rachid Al-Chaarani, G. 2004. Variabilite genetique et identification des QTLs lies a laquagite des semences chez le tournesol (Helianthus annuus L.). These de doctorat. Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, France.
Praba, M.L., Cairns, J.E., Babu, R.C., and Lafitte, H.R. 2009. Identification of physiological traits underlying cultivar differences in drought tolerance in rice and wheat. J Agron Crop Sci. 195: 1. 30- 46.
Erbas, S., and Baydar, H. 2007. Defoliation effects on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed yield and oil quality. Turk J Biol. 31: 2. 115-118.
Anonymous. 1995. Sunflower production. North Dakota State University. N. D. S. U. Extension Service.
Muro,J.,I.Irigoyen,A.F.Milition and C.Lamsfus. 2001. Defoliation effects on sunflower yield reduction. Agron. J.,93:634-637.
Mohammadiyan, R. 2015. Effect of planting time and leaf removal severity on sugar beet root yield and quality. IR J Agric Sci. 18: 2. 88-103.
Sadeghi, F., Kazemaini, S.A., and Emam, Y. 2014. Effect of origin and destination manipulation on photosynthetic rate and sunflower seed yield. Oil Prod. 2: 1. 85- 97.
Board, J.E. 2004. Soybean cultivar differences light interception and leaf area index during seed filling. Agron J. 96: 1. 305-310.
Khan, N.A., Khan, M., and Ansari, H.R. 2002. Auxin and defoliation effects on photosynthesis and ethylene evolution in mustard. Sci Hort. 96: 1-4. 43-51.
Abdi, S., Moghaddam, A., and Ghadimzadeh, M. 2007. Effect of defoliation intensity in the different reproductive stage of two sunflowers (Helianthus annus L.) cultivars on grain and oil yield. J Sci Technol Agric Nat Res. 11: 40. 245-255.
Jamshidi, E., Agha Alikhani, M., and Ghalavand. A. 2009. Effect of defoliation intensity at different reproductive stages on seed and oil yields in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). IR J Crop Sci. 10: 4. 349-361.
Jonson, B.L. 2003. Dwarf sunflower response to row spacing, stand reduction and defoliation at different growth stage.Can.J.Plant Sci.83:319-326.
Aliyari, H., F. Shekari and F.Shekari. 2000. Oil seeds. Tabriz Amidi Publishers, Tabriz, Iran, p. 330.
Kaya, y., Evci, G., Pekcan, V., Gucer, T. and Ibrahim yilmaz, M. 2008. Yield relationships in confectionary sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Edrin Turkey. J. Res., 47: 7-11.
Rondanini, D., A.  Mantese, R. Savin and A. J. Hall. 2005. Responses of sunflower yield and grain quality to alternating day/night high temperature regimes during grain filling effects of timing, duration and intensity ofexposure to stress.
Behradfar, A., Hassanzadeh Gorttapeh, A., Talat, F. and Zardashty, M. R. 2009. Evaluation of correlated traits for seed and oil yield in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) through path analysis in under condition relay, cropping.  Biological Sciences. J. R., 4(1), P: 82-85.
Basalma, D. 2008. The correlation and path analysis of yield and yield components of different winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 4, 120-125.
Ankon, G., and D.B. Weaver.1986. Defoliation responses of determinate and indeterminate late planted soybeans. Crop Sci., 26: 156- 159.
Divsalar, M., Tahmasebi Sarvestani, Z., Modares Sanavi, S.A.M., and Hamidi, A. 2015. Effect of drought stress on protein, oil, and soybean fatty acid composition. Plant Ecophysiol. 27: 1. 44-55.
Amini, Z., Parsa, M., Nasiri Mahalati, M., and Banaiyan Aval, M. 2017. Effect of leaf removal on yield and yield components of chickpea under different levels of nitrogen and irrigation regimes. IR Cereals Res. 8: 1. 9-21.
Petroff, R., 2002. Sunflower production in Montana. Montana State University. USA. pp 182.
Emam, Y., Maghsoudi, K., and Bahrani, H. 2012. Effect of defoliation on assimilates partitioning in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid SC704. J Agric Sci Tech. 10: 1. 13-21.
Mehraein, S., Maghsodi, K., and Emam, Y. 2012. Effect of removal of high and low leaves on grain yield and yield components of hybrid 704. IR J. Crop Sci. 15: 2. 152-165.
Ashley, R.O., Eriksmoen, E.D., Whitney, M.B., and Rettinger, B. 2002. Sunflower date of planting study in Western North Dakota. Annual Report, Dickinson Research Extension. 48p.
Jadidi, T., Hejam, S., Kamali, Q., Fotohi, K., and Abdolahiyan Noghabi, M. 2009. The effect of leaf strain removal in different stages of growth on root yield and sugar beet quality. IR J Agric Sci. 12: 3. 252-264.
Lauer, G.J., Roth, G.W., and Bertram, M.G. 2004. Impact of defoliation on corn forage yield. Agron J. 96: 5.1459-1463.
Mangen, T.F., Thomison, P.R., and Strachan, S.D. 2005. Early season defoliation effects on to pcross high oil corn production. Agron J. 97: 3. 823-831.
Memari, M., Faraji, A., Arabi, Z., and Mosnei, H. 2015. Effect of source constraints on physiological traits, yield and yield components of rapeseed under wet weather conditions. J Crop Physiol. 30: 8. 53-67.
Alkio, M., E. Grimm and W. Diepenbrock. 2000. Source- sink relationship decides on grain filling in sunflower. Proc. of the 3rd Int. Crop Sci. Cong., Hamburg, Germany. Pp: 142.
Saeidi, M., and Ajand, M. 2014. The effect of photosynthetic and photosynthetic sources and postpollination stress on grain yield and gas exchange of different barley varieties. Agric Crop. 16: 4. 839-856.
Ehsani, A., Dadnia, M.R., and Bohrani, A. 2012. Effect of planting date and source and reservoir constraints on grain yield and yield components of rapeseed in Ramhormoz. Pp: 2750-2761. Nonprofit Defense Conference in Agriculture. Qeshm Island.