Geography and Regional Planning

Geography and Regional Planning

Neoliberalism and its reflection on the international economy

Authors
1 University of Tehran, public law department
2 University of Tehran-public law department
10.22034/jgeoq.2026.546684.4339
Abstract
Neoliberalism began with the Montpellier Society and reached its peak with the Chicago School. By abandoning Keynesian economics and reproducing classical economics, with new assumptions called classical economics with an emphasis on the market, neoliberalism tried to organize the two-way relationship between the state and the economy. By reducing the role of the government, privatization and economic liberalization, neoliberals created a new era of governance based on regulation. The achievement of this model of governance led to the emergence of regulatory governments and the abandonment of welfare governments. Neoliberals started their domination over the international economy by establishing three monetary-financial institutions, which included the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the World Trade Organization, by changing the direction of the national economy of the countries, and in the middle of the way with development programs. - An economy known as the Washington Consensus and by implementing a program known as structural adjustment accelerated the final goal of globalization. Neoliberal experiences in the target countries mainly led to the destruction of the national economy of those countries and provoked a wave of concern and criticism; The post-Washington consensus and Beijing consensus can be evaluated in this regard. This article seeks to answer the question that; How did neoliberalism dominate the international economy? With a descriptive-analytical method and based on documentary-library studies, it emphasizes the assumption that; The world economy is dominated by the neoliberal economic order.
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