Geography and Regional Planning

Geography and Regional Planning

Assessing the Resilience and Vulnerability of Regional Development to Emerging Technologies in Iran's Free Zones: A Case Study of the Aras Free Zone

Document Type : Original Article

Author
Department of Technology Development Studies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
10.22034/jgeoq.2026.577325.4460
Abstract
This study aims to design and test a model of regional resilience based on modern technologies (artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and renewable energy) in the Aras Free Zone, as one of the most significant free zones in Iran. In terms of purpose, this research is applied-developmental; in terms of nature, it is descriptive-correlational; and in terms of approach, it is quantitative. The statistical population consisted of 120 managers, experts, and economic activists in the Aras Free Zone. Due to the limited population size, a census method was employed. The research instrument was a researcher-developed 42-item questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale. Content validity was confirmed by eight specialists (CVR = 0.78), and reliability was established using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.89). Data analysis was conducted using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (for normality), Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression in SPSS version 27. The overall mean adoption of modern technologies was 3.2 out of 5 (moderate level). The highest mean was related to smart logistics technology (3.7), and the lowest pertained to renewable energy (2.4). There were positive and significant correlations between modern technologies and economic resilience (r = 0.72, p < 0.01), social resilience (r = 0.65, p < 0.05), and environmental resilience (r = 0.58, p < 0.05). Regression results showed that modern technologies explain 54% of the variance in regional resilience (R² = 0.54, F = 34.2, p < 0.001).
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