Geography and Regional Planning

Geography and Regional Planning

Bibliometric Analysis Of Leed And Breeam In Building Energy Studies (2000 To 2025): Along With Sustainable Development Planning

Authors
Ayoob Moradkhani 1
Mobin Kazemi Baneh 2
1 Assistant professor, Department of Architecture, Mariwan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mariwan, Iran.
2 PhD Candidate, Department of Architecture, Sa.C., Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
10.22034/jgeoq.2026.374348.3956
Abstract
To improve energy efficiency and promote sustainable development in the building industry, building assessment systems have been developed. Among these systems, LEED and BREEAM are considered two international standards widely adopted in building energy analysis studies. Nevertheless, despite the increasing development of this area, there are few studies that have made comprehensive and comparative analyses of scientific production, main authors and institutions, collaboration patterns, and main topics of research on these two standards. In order to fill this gap, the current study aims to carry out a bibliometric analysis to examine the knowledge structure, research dynamics, and thematic orientation of building energy analysis literature related to LEED and BREEAM. The data source is the Scopus database, and after screening following the PRISMA statement, 340 documents related to LEED and 45 documents related to BREEAM published between 2000 and 2025 were selected. The analysis was performed using VOSviewer software, including temporal analysis of publications, co-authorship analysis, keyword co-occurrence analysis, and citation analysis. The results show that the number of studies on the application of LEED in building energy analysis has increased dramatically since 2006 and has a significant advantage over BREEAM in terms of publication number and citation number, while the development of BREEAM-related studies in this area has mainly occurred since 2013. The United States and the United Kingdom were found to be the two main research centers for LEED and BREEAM, respectively. Moreover, the results also show that LEED-related studies are mainly technology-oriented, focusing on energy modeling and smart buildings, while BREEAM-related studies are more focused on sustainable development, climate change, and life cycle assessment.
Keywords
LEED strandard
BREEAM standard
Bibliometric analysis
Building energy
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