جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی منطقه‌ای

جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی منطقه‌ای

کاربرد نانوبیوتکنولوژی در پاکسازی و امحای بقایای آفت‌کش‌ها در راستای مدیریت پسماند و توسعه پایدار محیط زیست

نوع مقاله : مقاله های برگرفته از رساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان
گروه زراعت، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
10.22034/jgeoq.2024.355147.3812
چکیده
استفاده از آفت‌کش‌ها به‌منظور بهبود کیفیت و عملکرد محصول و الزامهای تجاری لازم است. اما، استفاده کردن پیوسته جهانی از آفت‌کش‌ها، خطرات جدی برای سلامت انسان و محیط زیست ایجاد می‌کند. این موضوع سبب افزایش نیاز فوری به توسعه دادن فرمول‌های آفت‌کشی به کمک روش نانو بیوتکنولوژی می‌گردد که آن دارای خطر، عوارض جانبی پایین و کارایی بالا است. امروزه نانوتکنولوژی در زمینه‌هـای مختلـف مانند هـوا - فـضا، صـنایع مختلـف اعـم از غـذایی، نظـامی، پزشکی داروسازی، شیمیایی، حشره‌کش‌هـا و غیره، پیشرفت چـشمگیری داشـته اسـت. در این پژوهش، خطرات مربوط به آفت‌کش‌های معمولی و همچنین نانو آفت‌کش‌ها به‌طور خلاصه بررسی شده است. همچنین، هنوز مدیریت نمودن بقایای آفت‌کش‌ها به‌عنوان یک چالش جهانی می‌باشد. آلودگی آب و خاک با آفت‌کش‌ها تأثیر نامطلوبی بر بهره‌وری کشاورزی و همچنین، امنیت غذایی دارد. بنابراین، تهدیدی جدی برای موجودات زنده است. باقیمانده آفت‌کش‌ها در اکوسیستم ممکن است با چندین فرآیند فیزیکوشیمیایی و بیولوژیکی، مانند تخریب برپایه میکروب و فرآیندهای اکسیداسیون توسعه یافته، درمان شوند. بنابراین، با در نظر گرفتن این مسائل، تکنیک‌های موجود و هم در حال ظهور را برای مدیریت بقایای آفت‌کش‌ها و خطرات زیست‌محیطی بررسی می‌کنیم. این روش‌ها می‌توانند راه حلی پایدار برای احیای نمودن منابع آب/خاک کدر شده ارائه دهند. همچنین، رویکردهای تحقیقاتی توسعه یافته به‌منظور بررسی جایگزین‌های بیوتکنولوژیکی برای آفت‌کش‌های معمولی همراه با چشم‌اندازهای به آینده مورد بحث قرار گرفته و تکنیک‌های کاهش دادن مضرات این آفت‌کش‌ها توصیه می‌شوند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The application of nanobiotechnology in the cleaning and destruction of pesticide residues in the direction of waste management and sustainable development of the environment

نویسندگان English

Sayed Majid Lohmousavi
Hossein Heidari Sharif Abad
Ali Mohammadi Torkashvand
Ghorban Noormohammadi
Babak Delkhosh
Department of Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

The use of pesticides is necessary in order to improve product quality and performance and commercial requirements. However, the continuous global use of pesticides poses serious risks to human health and the environment. This issue increases the urgent need to develop pesticide formulas with the help of nano biotechnology method, which has low risk, low side effects and high efficiency. Today, nanotechnology has made remarkable progress in various fields such as air-space, various industries, including food, military, pharmaceutical medicine, chemical, insecticides, etc. In this research, the risks related to conventional pesticides as well as nano-pesticides have been briefly investigated. Also, managing pesticide residues is still a global challenge. Soil and water pollution with pesticides has an adverse effect on agricultural productivity and food security. Therefore, it is a serious threat to living organisms. Pesticide residues in the ecosystem may be treated by several physicochemical and biological processes, such as microbial degradation and advanced oxidation processes. Therefore, with these issues in mind, we review both existing and emerging techniques for managing pesticide residues and environmental hazards. These methods can provide a sustainable solution to rehabilitate polluted water/soil resources. Also, research approaches developed to investigate biotechnological alternatives to conventional pesticides are discussed along with future perspectives and techniques to reduce the harms of these pesticides are recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Nanobiotechnology
environment
pesticides
risk assessment
waste management
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