جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی منطقه‌ای

جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی منطقه‌ای

ارزیابی شیوه های خاک‌ورزی و کوددهی گیاه کنجد با تاثیرپذیری از شرایط تنش کم‌آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله های برگرفته از رساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراﻋﺖ، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﻲ واﺣﺪ ورامین-پیشوا، ورامین، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه زراﻋﺖ، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﻲ واﺣﺪ ورامین-پیشوا، ورامین، ایران
3 اﺳﺘﺎدﻳﺎر گروه زراﻋﺖ، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﻲ واﺣﺪ ورامین-پیشوا، ورامین، ایران
10.22034/jgeoq.2025.486227.4161
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی شیوه های خاک‌ورزی و کوددهی گیاه کنجد با تاثیرپذیری شرایط تنش کم‌آبی در سال های (1401-1402) انجام شده است. آزمایش به صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتورها اصلی شامل سه روش خاک‌ورزی (بدون خاک‌ورزی، کم‌خاک‌ورزی و خاک‌ورزی مرسوم)، فاکتور فرعی دو سطح آبیاری (نرمال و کم‌آبیاری) و فاکتور فرعی چهار روش کوددهی (بدون کود، کود نیتروژن، ورمی‌کمپوست و تلفیق نیتروژن و ورمی‌کمپوست) بود. نتایج نشان داد که واکنش صفات به تنش کم‌آبی در ترکیب‌های مختلف کود و خاک‌ورزی متفاوت بود. در سال 1401، کاهش عملکرد دانه در تیمارهای مختلف بین 14.3% (کم‌خاک‌ورزی با کود تلفیقی نیتروژن و ورمی‌کمپوست) تا 23% (خاک‌ورزی مرسوم بدون کود) متغیر بود. در سال 1402، کاهش عملکرد دانه بین 9.8% (کم‌خاک‌ورزی با کود تلفیقی) تا 20% (خاک‌ورزی مرسوم بدون کود) بود. تعرق در تیمارهای مختلف بین 17.0% (کم‌خاک‌ورزی با کود تلفیقی) تا 29% (خاک‌ورزی مرسوم بدون کود) کاهش نشان داد. در هر دو سال، کمترین تأثیر منفی در تیمار کم‌خاک‌ورزی با کود تلفیقی نیتروژن و ورمی‌کمپوست و بیشترین تأثیر منفی در تیمار خاک‌ورزی مرسوم بدون کود مشاهده شد. تیمارهای بدون خاک‌ورزی و تیمارهای با کاربرد جداگانه کود نیتروژن یا ورمی‌کمپوست، نتایج متوسطی را نشان دادند. بر اساس نتایج این مطالعه دو ساله، استفاده از روش کم‌خاک‌ورزی همراه با کاربرد تلفیقی کود نیتروژن و ورمی‌کمپوست برای مدیریت مزارع کنجد در شرایط محدودیت آب توصیه می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of sesame tillage and fertilization practices with respect to water deficit stress conditions

نویسندگان English

Seyed Behzad Moeini 1
Hamidreza Tohidi Moghadam 2
Porang Kasraei 3
Mohammad Nasri 2
Farshad Ghooshchi 2
1 Ph.D. Student of Agriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Varamin-Pishva Branch Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iranin
2 Associate Professor of Agriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Varamin-Pishva Branch Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran.
3 Professor of Agriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Varamin-Pishva Branch Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran.
چکیده English

The aim of this study was to evaluate the tillage and fertilization methods of sesame plants with respect to the impact of water deficit stress conditions in the years (2022-2023). The experiment was performed as a split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factors included three tillage methods (no tillage, low tillage and conventional tillage), the sub-factor of two irrigation levels (normal and low irrigation) and the sub-factor of four fertilization methods (no fertiliser, nitrogen fertiliser, vermicompost and combination of nitrogen and vermicompost). The results showed that the reactions of the traits to water deficit stress were different in different combinations of fertilizers and tillage. In 2022 the reduction of grain yield in different treatments ranged from 14.3% (low tillage with combined nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost) to 23% (conventional tillage without fertilizer). In 2023 the decrease in grain yield was between 9.8% (low tillage with integrated fertilizer) and 20% (conventional tillage without fertilizer). In both years, the least negative effect was observed in the low tillage treatment with combined nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost and the highest negative effect was observed in the conventional tillage treatment without fertilizer. Treatments without tillage and treatments with separate application of nitrogen fertilizer or vermicompost showed moderate results. Based on the results of this two-year study, the use of low-tillage method along with the combined application of nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost is recommended for managing sesame fields in water-limited conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Soil tillage
fertilization
sesame
susceptibility
water deficit stress
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