جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی منطقه‌ای

جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی منطقه‌ای

تحلیل تعاملات میان گونه‌های مختلف فضاهای عمومی شهری و زیست‌پذیری در بخش مرکزی کلان‌شهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله های برگرفته از رساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری طراحی‌شهری، گروه شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، تبریز، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه معماری و شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، تبریز، ایران
3 استادیار گروه معماری و شهرسازی، واحد ایلخچی، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، ایلخچی، ایران
10.22034/jgeoq.2025.511077.4249
چکیده
زیست‌پذیری شهری، به‌عنوان مفهومی محوری در برنامه‌ریزی و طراحی شهری معاصر، بر ارتقای کیفیت زندگی شهروندان در محیط‌های شهری تأکید دارد. فضاهای عمومی شهری با نقش کلیدی در تسهیل تعاملات اجتماعی، فعالیت‌های فرهنگی و بهبود کیفیت محیطی، بستری حیاتی برای تحقق این هدف محسوب می‌شوند. این پژوهش با هدف تحلیل نظام‌مند تأثیر مؤلفه‌های کالبدی (مانند جذابیت، ایمنی، دسترسی و کیفیت محیطی) و غیرکالبدی (شامل تعاملات اجتماعی، رضایتمندی و پویایی فرهنگی) گونه‌های مختلف فضاهای عمومی (شامل میدان‌ها، پلازاها، پارک‌ها، خیابان‌ها، پیاده‌راه‌ها) بر ادراک زیست‌پذیری در منطقه مرکزی تهران انجام شد. در تمایز با مطالعات پیشین که عمدتاً بر یک گونه خاص متمرکز بودند، روش شناسی ترکیبی این پژوهش شامل دو بخش کیفی (مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته با متخصصان و تحلیل مضمون داده‌ها) و کمی (پرسشنامه استاندارد با نمونه‌ای متشکل از 300 شهروند و تحلیل آماری با آزمون فریدمن، رگرسیون چندگانه و همبستگی پیرسون در نرم‌افزار SPSS26 است. یافته‌ها نشان داد مؤلفه‌های کالبدی به‌ویژه جذابیت فضایی، دسترسی و ایمنی، تأثیر مستقیم و معناداری بر زیست‌پذیری دارند. همچنین، مؤلفه‌های غیرکالبدی نظیر کیفیت زندگی، مشارکت اجتماعی و رضایتمندی ارتباط قوی با ادراک زیست‌پذیری نشان دادند. نوآوری این مطالعه در تلفیق روش‌های کمی و کیفی و ارائه چارچوبی جامع برای ارزیابی چندبعدی زیست‌پذیری است. نتایج بر ضرورت طراحی انسان‌محور فضاهای عمومی با تأکید بر همپیوندی مؤلفه‌های کالبدی و غیرکالبدی در فرآیندهای برنامه‌ریزی شهری تأکید دارد. این پژوهش به‌عنوان مرجعی علمی، راهبردهایی کاربردی برای سیاستگذاران و طراحان شهری به‌منظور بهینه‌سازی فضاهای عمومی در کلانشهرها و ارتقای پایداری زیست محیطی-اجتماعی ارائه می‌دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of Interactions between Different Types of Urban Public Spaces and Livability in the Central Part of Tehran Metropolis

نویسندگان English

Amir Hamed Saeidi 1
Arash Saghafi Asl 2
Masoud Haqlesan 3
Mohammadreza Pakdel Fard 2
1 PhD Candidate in Urban Design, Department of Urban Planning, Ta.C., Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Ta.C., Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Ilk.C., Islamic Azad University, Ilkhchi, Iran
چکیده English

Urban livability, as a central concept in contemporary urban planning and design, emphasizes improving the quality of life of citizens in urban environments. Urban public spaces, with their key role in facilitating social interactions, cultural activities, and improving environmental quality, are considered a vital platform for achieving this goal. This study aimed to systematically analyze the impact of physical (such as attractiveness, safety, accessibility, and environmental quality) and non-physical (including social interactions, satisfaction, and cultural dynamism) components of different types of public spaces (including squares, plazas, parks, streets, and sidewalks) on the perception of livability in the central region of Tehran. In contrast to previous studies that mainly focused on a specific type, the mixed methodology of this study includes two qualitative parts (semi-structured interviews with experts and data content analysis) and quantitative (standard questionnaire with a sample of 300 citizens and statistical analysis with Friedman test, multiple regression and Pearson correlation in SPSS26 software. The findings showed that physical components, especially spatial attractiveness, accessibility and safety, have a direct and significant effect on livability. Also, non-physical components such as quality of life, social participation and satisfaction showed a strong relationship with the perception of livability. The innovation of this study lies in combining quantitative and qualitative methods and providing a comprehensive framework for multidimensional assessment of livability. The results emphasize the necessity of human-centered design of public spaces with an emphasis on the interconnection of physical and non-physical components in urban planning processes.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Urban public spaces
livability
quality of urban life
physical and non-physical components
quantitative and qualitative (mixed) methods
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