جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی منطقه‌ای

جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی منطقه‌ای

نقش فضای مجازی در شکل دهی و راهبری کنش سیاسی- اجتماعی؛ مورد مطالعه: تونس و مصر

نوع مقاله : مقاله های برگرفته از رساله و پایان نامه

نویسنده
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
10.22034/jgeoq.2025.470941.4125
چکیده
در یک دهه اخیر، رسانه‌های اجتماعی به بستری مهم برای بروز و گسترش اعتراضات مردمی در کشورهای مختلف، به‌ویژه در خاورمیانه، تبدیل شده‌اند. یکی از برجسته‌ترین نمودهای این پدیده، نقش رسانه‌های اجتماعی در جنبش‌های سیاسی بهار عربی در سال 2011، به‌ویژه در تونس و مصر، است. پرسش اصلی این پژوهش آن است که پلتفرم‌های مختلف شبکه‌های اجتماعی چگونه بر کنش‌های سیاسی در این دو کشور تأثیر گذاشته‌اند؟ هدف پژوهش، تحلیل و تبیین سازوکارهای اثرگذاری این پلتفرم‌ها بر شکل‌گیری و گسترش اعتراضات و نحوه مشارکت شهروندان در فضای عمومی مجازی در شرایط سرکوب شدید سیاسی است. فرضیه اصلی پژوهش این است که رسانه‌های اجتماعی با در دست‌گیری افکار عمومی و ایفای نقش در هدایت و هماهنگی پیام‌ها، توانسته‌اند در روند کنش‌های سیاسی در تونس و مصر نقشی فعال ایفا کنند. پژوهش حاضر به روش کیفی و با استفاده از داده‌های اسنادی و کتابخانه‌ای انجام شده و از ابزارهایی مانند فیش‌برداری، جداول، نمودارها و نقشه‌ها برای گردآوری و تحلیل اطلاعات بهره گرفته شده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که رسانه‌های اجتماعی به‌ویژه در مراحل اولیه اعتراضات، نقش تسهیل‌گر در سازماندهی و انتشار سریع اطلاعات داشته‌اند. با این حال، این رسانه‌ها به‌عنوان علت بروز انقلاب‌ها عمل نکرده‌اند، بلکه ابزارهایی قدرتمند برای تسریع، هماهنگی و اطلاع‌رسانی در اختیار فعالان سیاسی و شهروندان قرار داده‌اند. مطالعه موردی تونس و مصر نشان می‌دهد که رسانه‌های اجتماعی می‌توانند به شهروندان عادی امکان نقش‌آفرینی مستقیم در فضای سیاسی و اطلاع‌رسانی بدهند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The role of cyberspace in shaping and guiding socio-political action; Case study: Tunisia and Egypt

نویسنده English

Ali AghaNabi Qolhaki
Master's student in Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Over the past decade, social media platforms have emerged as crucial arenas for the expression and expansion of public dissent, particularly in the Middle East. One of the most prominent examples of this trend is the role of social media in the 2011 Arab Spring movements, especially in Tunisia and Egypt. This study seeks to answer the question: How did various social media platforms influence political actions in these two countries? The primary objective is to analyze and explain the mechanisms through which these platforms contributed to the formation and spread of protests, and how they enabled citizen participation in the digital public sphere amid intense political repression. The central hypothesis of the research is that social media played an active role in political mobilization in Tunisia and Egypt by capturing public opinion and facilitating the coordination and dissemination of messages. This qualitative study relies on documentary and library-based data and utilizes tools such as note-taking, tables, charts, and maps to collect and analyze information. The findings indicate that social media, especially in the early stages of the uprisings, acted as facilitators in organizing and rapidly spreading information. However, they were not the root cause of the revolutions. Rather, they served as powerful tools that enabled political activists and ordinary citizens to accelerate mobilization, coordinate actions, and share information. The case studies of Tunisia and Egypt demonstrate that social media can empower ordinary citizens to play a direct role in political discourse and information dissemination.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Political action
Arab Spring
Tunisia
Egypt
social networks
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