جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی منطقه‌ای

جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی منطقه‌ای

ارزیابی مخاطرات زمین‌شناسی در یک جزیره استراتژیک: مشخصه‌یابی فرونشست زمین و دیاپیریسم نمکی در قشم، خلیج فارس، مبتنی بر تداخل‌سنجی راداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی -پژوهشی کاربردی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه کامپیوتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قشم، قشم، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه مکانیک، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران
10.22034/jgeoq.2024.229611
چکیده
جزیره قشم به عنوان بزرگترین جزیره خلیج فارس و بخشی از کمربند چین‌خورده زاگرس، یک محیط ژئودینامیک منحصربه‌فرد است که در آن فرآیندهای زمین‌شناسی طبیعی مانند دیاپیریسم نمکی و تکتونیک فعال با فشارهای شدید انسانی ناشی از برداشت بی‌رویه آب زیرزمینی تلاقی می‌کنند. این پژوهش با استفاده از تکنیک تداخل‌سنجی راداری سری زمانی و با پردازش ۳۹ تصویر ماهواره Sentinel-1 به تحلیل کمی تغییرات سطح زمین در این جزیره در بازه زمانی ۲۰۲۲ تا ۲۰۲۴ می‌پردازد. روش‌شناسی تحقیق بر پایه الگوریتم زیرمجموعه بیس‌لاین کوتاه برای استخراج نقشه نرخ جابجایی عمودی و سری‌های زمانی جابجایی استوار است. یافته‌ها دو الگوی فضایی کاملاً متمایز را آشکار می‌سازد؛ یک زون بالاآمدگی متمرکز در غرب جزیره با حداکثر نرخ 5/7+ سانتی‌متر در سال که به فعالیت گنبد نمکی نسبت داده می‌شود و دو حوضه فرونشستی گسترده در نواحی مرکزی و شرقی با حداکثر نرخ 5/11- سانتی‌متر در سال. تحلیل سری زمانی نقاط شاخص، ارتباط مستقیم فرونشست با افت سطح آب زیرزمینی را از طریق شناسایی نوسانات فصلی تأیید می‌کند. علاوه بر این، نتایج نشان می‌دهد که ساختارهای گسلی موجود نقش کنترلی مهمی در الگوی فضایی فرونشست ایفا می‌کنند. این مطالعه ضمن تأکید بر قدرت فناوری تداخل‌سنجی راداری برای پایش مخاطرات زمین‌شناسی، هشداری جدی در مورد آسیب به زیرساخت‌ها و افزایش خطر سیلاب‌های ساحلی در قشم ارائه می‌دهد و لزوم مدیریت پایدار منابع آب را برجسته می‌سازد.

عنوان مقاله English

Assessing Geohazards on a Strategic Island: An InSAR-Based Characterization of Land Subsidence and Salt Diapirism in Qeshm, Persian Gulf.

نویسندگان English

Maziar Asmani 1
Kazem Bashirnezhad 2
1 Assistant professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده English

Qeshm Island, as the largest island in the Persian Gulf and a part of the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt, represents a unique geodynamic environment where natural geological processes, such as salt diapirism and active tectonics, intersect with intense anthropogenic pressures from groundwater over-extraction. This study quantitatively analyzes land surface deformation on the island between 2022 and 2024 using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) time-series analysis on a dataset of 39 Sentinel-1 images. The methodology is based on the Short Baseline Subset (SBAS) algorithm to derive the vertical displacement rate map and deformation time series. The findings reveal two distinct spatial patterns: a localized and significant uplift zone in the west with a maximum rate of +7.5 cm/year, attributed to salt dome activity, and two widespread subsidence bowls in the central and eastern regions with a maximum rate of -11.5 cm/year. Time-series analysis of specific points of interest confirms the direct correlation between subsidence and groundwater level decline through the identification of seasonal oscillations. Furthermore, the results indicate that existing fault structures play a crucial role in controlling the spatial pattern of subsidence. This study highlights the capability of InSAR technology for geohazard monitoring, provides a critical warning regarding risks to infrastructure and increased coastal flooding hazards on Qeshm, and underscores the necessity for sustainable water resource management.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Land Subsidence
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR)
Qeshm Island
Tectonic Uplift
Groundwater
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