Infectious diseases alter patterns of presence and activity in the shared spaces of residential complexes while simultaneously increasing residents’ need for open spaces, neighborhood interaction, and mutual support. This study aims to propose an architectural design model for the intermediate spaces of residential complexes that promotes social interaction under normal conditions and remains adaptable during public health crises. In terms of purpose, the study is applied-developmental, and methodologically, it follows an exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach. In the qualitative phase, the initial components were extracted from the theoretical literature and subsequently refined through four rounds of the Delphi technique involving 15 experts. In the quantitative phase, data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 360 residents of nine selected residential complexes in Isfahan. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Seven physical–spatial components were identified and confirmed: physical security and perceived safety, quality of communal and shared spaces, accessibility and pedestrian orientation, spatial structure and organization, human scale, spatial hierarchy, and the presence and quality of intermediate spaces. Physical security and perceived safety ranked first with a mean score of 4.40, followed by the quality of communal spaces with a mean score of 4.38. The path from physical–spatial components to social resilience was positive and statistically significant, with a path coefficient of 0.304. The model explained 41.7% of the variance in residents’ social resilience