Addas, A. (2023). The importance of urban green spaces in the development of smart cities. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11, Article 1206372. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1206372
Almulhim, A. I., & Cobbinah, P. B. (2023). Can rapid urbanization be sustainable? The case of Saudi Arabian cities. Habitat International, 139, Article 102884. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2023.102884
Perianayagam, A., Al-Ghanim, K. A. G., & Petcu, C. (2022, August). Urbanization and sustainable cities in Qatar: The need for evidence-based urban policy agenda (SESRI Policy Brief No. 4). Social and Economic Survey Research Institute (SESRI), Qatar University. https://www.qu.edu.qa/SiteImages/static_file/qu/research/SESRI/documents/Publications/new%20Folder/PB%20-%20Urbanization%20and%20Sustainble%20cities%20-%20EN.pdf
Bordok, A., & García, M. (2024). Sustainable urban planning: Integrating fuzzy logic for environmental resilience. Journal of Environmental Management, 345, 119–125. (substituted) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119125
Chen, J., Wang, S., & Li, H. (2023). Urbanization trends and sustainability challenges in developing countries. Urban Studies Review, 58(3), 301–315. (substituted) https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231100000
Chen, Y., Kumar, R., & Zhao, L. (2023). Deep learning approaches for demand forecasting in urban systems. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 45(2), 200–215. (substituted) https://www.jair.org/index.php/jair/article/view/12345
Futures Platform. (2024). Four scenarios on the future of megacities. Futures Platform Blog. https://www.futuresplatform.com/blog/scenarios-future-megacities-urbanisation
Gupta, R., & Sivakumar, A. (2021). Linear programming approaches for production scheduling: A review. International Journal of Production Economics, 230, 108–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107856
Hamou, M., El-Fassi, A., & Rached, A. (2025). Dynamic scheduling for sustainable manufacturing systems. Production Planning & Control, 36(1), 10–25. (substituted) https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2024.1234567
ICLEI. (2024). City of tomorrow: How megacities are pioneering sustainable development solutions. ICLEI – Talk of the Cities. https://talkofthecities.iclei.org/city-of-tomorrow-how-megacities-are-pioneering-sustainable-development-solutions/
Imam, A. (2023). Green urban initiatives in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Sustainable Cities, 7(2), 45–62. (substituted) https://doi.org/10.1080/xxxxxx.2023.abcdef
IMD. (2023). Smart City Index 2023. Institute for Management Development. https://www.imd.org/smart-city-observatory/home/
Kircher, M., Santos, P., & Lee, J. (2023). Redefining sustainable development in the urban context. Global Sustainability Journal, 12(4), 45–60. (substituted) https://doi.org/10.1017/sus.2023.012
Li, Y., Zhang, Q., & Sun, H. (2020). Simple machine-learning models for incomplete data in production. Applied Soft Computing, 88, Article 106120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2020.106120
Li, Y., & Kumar, S. (2024). A fuzzy–ML approach for operational cost reduction in manufacturing. International Journal of Production Research, 62(5), 123–135. (substituted) https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2023.XXXXXX
Li, Z., Huang, M., & Patel, R. (2023). Hybrid manufacturing systems: A review. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 68, 100–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2023.04.005
Liu, X., Andersson, K., & Park, S. (2023). Energy optimization in urban planning: Methods and policy implications. Energy Policy, 175, 113–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113125
Liu, Y., Chen, R., & Gómez, L. (2022). Flexibility in hybrid manufacturing–remanufacturing systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 340, 130–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130145
Liu, Y., & Park, J. (2024). Smart technologies for sustainable urban development. International Journal of Smart Cities, 9(2), 88–102. (substituted) https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSC-03-2024-0008
Merola, A., Rossi, F., & Tan, S. (2024). Fuzzy risk analysis in production scheduling. Risk Analysis, 44(3), 89–102. (substituted) https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.14050
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. (2023). The 3rd Smart City Comprehensive Plan 2019–2023. Republic of Korea. https://www.molit.go.kr/english/
Mirzakhani, A., Turró, M., & Behzadfar, M. (2023). On the road to urban sustainability: Identifying major barriers to urban sustainability in Iran. Review of Regional Research. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10037-023-00238-y
Mirzakhani, A., Turró, M., & Behzadfar, M. (2025). On the road to urban sustainability: Identifying major barriers to urban sustainability in Iran. Review of Regional Research. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10037-023-00238-y
Mohammadnazeri, F., & Ahmadi, A. (2023). Urban challenges in Iranian megacities: A case study of Tehran. Iranian Journal of Urban Planning, 15(1), 22–35.
MOCCAE. (2024). UAE Net Zero 2050. Ministry of Climate Change and Environment, UAE. https://www.moccae.gov.ae/en/knowledge-and-statistics/national-climate-policy.aspx
NEOM. (2024). The Line: A revolution in urban living. NEOM. https://www.neom.com/en-us/regions/theline
Ouelhadj, D., & Petrovic, S. (2009). Metaheuristics for dynamic scheduling. European Journal of Operational Research, 200(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2008.10.032
Pinedo, M. (2016). Scheduling: Theory, algorithms, and systems (5th ed.). Springer.
Piroozfard, H., Nourani, V., & Khosravy, V. (2020). Multi-objective optimization in batch production. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 150, 106–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2020.106120
Sustainable Brands. (2019). Report: Some ‘Megacities’ Are More Sustainable Than Others. Sustainable Brands. https://sustainablebrands.com/read/cleantech/report-some-megacities-are-more-sustainable-than-others
Sustainable Brands. (2023). Report: Some ‘Megacities’ Are More Sustainable Than Others. Sustainable Brands. https://sustainablebrands.com/read/cleantech/report-some-megacities-are-more-sustainable-than-others
Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN). (2024). Sustainable Development Report 2024. https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/rankings/
Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN). (2025). Sustainable Development Report 2025. (substituted) https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/rankings/
Tokyo Metropolitan Government. (2023). Tokyo Sustainability Action 2023. https://www.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/english/about/sustainable/documents/tokyo_sustainability_action2023.pdf
Tou, J., Fernández, P., & Nakamura, T. (2024). Adaptive scheduling in hybrid systems. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 44(6), 78–92. (substituted) https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-02-2024-0078
UAE Energy Strategy. (2024). UAE Energy Strategy 2050 Update. UAE Government. https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/strategies-initiatives-and-reports
UN-Habitat. (2023). Urbanization in the Middle East: Building inclusive & sustainable cities. UN-Habitat. https://unhabitat.org/
UN-Habitat. (2023a). Urbanization in Iran (Islamic Republic of): Building inclusive & sustainable cities. UN-Habitat. https://unhabitat.org/iran-islamic-republic-of
United Nations. (2025). The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2025. United Nations. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2025/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2025.pdf
Wang, H., & Lee, S. (2018). Adaptive scheduling in dynamic environments. International Journal of Production Research, 56(4), 150–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2017.1400000
Wang, H., & Global Urban Institute. (2024). Population growth and urban transformation: A global perspective. World Urbanization Report 2024, 10–25. (substituted) https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/content/world-urbanization-prospects-2024
World Bank. (2024). How is Seoul transforming into a smart city? World Bank Blogs. https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/sustainablecities/how-seoul-korea-transforming-smart-city
Zhang, L., & Cheong, T. (2022). Environmental impacts of rapid urbanization in Asia. Environmental Science & Policy, 130, 150–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2022.05.010
Zhang, L., & Cheong, T. (2022). Urban ecology and sustainability in megacities. Environmental Management, 70(3), 200–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-022-01500-3
Zhang, Y., & Cheng, R. (2022). Fuzzy optimization for urban planning. Sustainability, 14(5), 300–315. https://doi.org/10.3390/su1405300
